Violencia de género: conocimientos y actitudes de las enfermeras en atención primaria / Gender violence: knowledge and attitudes of nurses in Primary Care

OBJETIVO: Evaluar el nivel de conocimiento y las actitudes de las enfermeras sobre la violencia de género y su relación con las variables sociodemográficas y la detección de casos. DISEÑO: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Emplazamiento. Centros urbanos de salud. PARTICIPANTES: Un total de 167 enfermeras de atención primaria. MEDICIONES PRINCIPALES: Se utilizó un cuestionario que incluía preguntas relativas a conocimientos, percepción del conocimiento y actitudes sobre violencia de género, y que también recogía edad, sexo, estado civil, centro de trabajo y área sanitaria. RESULTADOS: Tasa de respuesta 114 (68,2%). El porcentaje de respuestas acertadas en el test de conocimiento fue de 62,2%, observándose un nivel de conocimiento medio. El conocimiento fue superior en las enfermeras casadas o que viven en pareja (95,2%; p = 0,007). La baja detección (29%) se relaciona con estado civil (p = 0,004), bajo conocimiento (p = 0,008), autopercepción baja de conocimiento (p = 0,002), falta de formación (p = 0,03) y no aplicar el protocolo (p = 0,001). Las enfermeras con autopercepción baja de conocimiento aplican menos el protocolo (OR=0,26 IC95%: 0,1-0,7) y consideran la falta de formación como principal problema para el diagnóstico (OR=11,24; IC 95%: 1,5-81,1). CONCLUSIONES: Hay falta de confianza profesional para abordar el problema. Las actitudes ante la detección y el diagnóstico están más relacionadas con el nivel de autopercepción de conocimiento que con el nivel real. La variable estado civil influye en el nivel de conocimiento. Las enfermeras señalan la falta de formación como el principal obstáculo para dar una respuesta sanitaria eficaz

AIM: To determine the knowledge and attitudes of nurses in Primary Care as regards gender violence and their relationship with socio-demographic factors and cases detected. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. LOCATION: Urban health centres. Participants. A total of 167 nurses working in Primary Care. Main measurements. A questionnaire was used that included questions related to knowledge, knowledge perception and attitudes to gender violence attitudes. Variables such as age, gender, marital status, work place and health area were also analysed. RESULTS: The response rate was 114 (68.26%). The percentage of correct responses in the knowledge questions was 62.2%, with a medium level of knowledge being observed. Married nurses or couples living in a stable relationship obtained a higher score (95.2%, P=.077). The low detection (29%) is associated with marital status (P=.004), low knowledge (p = 0,008), low knowledge perception (P=.001), lack of training (P=.03) and non-implementation of the gender violence protocol (P=.001). Nurses with low self-perception of their knowledge implement the protocol less often (OR=0.26; 95% CI: 0.1-0.7), and they consider that the lack of training is the main problem in determining the diagnosis (OR=11.24; 95% CI: 1.5-81.1). CONCLUSIONS: The level of knowledge was adequate. Nurses have a lack of confidence in terms of their knowledge about gender violence. The detection and diagnosis attitudes are more related to self-perception of levels of knowledge than their real knowledge. Marital status influences the level of knowledge. Professionals state that the lack of training is the main problem to give an efficient healthcare response

[Gender violence: Knowledge and attitudes of nurses in Primary Care]. / Violencia de género: conocimientos y actitudes de las enfermeras en atención primaria.

AIM: To determine the knowledge and attitudes of nurses in Primary Care as regards gender violence and their relationship with socio-demographic factors and cases detected. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. LOCATION: Urban health centres. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 167 nurses working in Primary Care. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: A questionnaire was used that included questions related to knowledge, knowledge perception and attitudes to gender violence attitudes. Variables such as age, gender, marital status, work place and health area were also analysed. RESULTS: The response rate was 114 (68.26%). The percentage of correct responses in the knowledge questions was 62.2%, with a medium level of knowledge being observed. Married nurses or couples living in a stable relationship obtained a higher score (95.2%, P=.077). The low detection (29%) is associated with marital status (P=.004), low knowledge (P=0,008), low knowledge perception (P=.001), lack of training (P=.03) and non-implementation of the gender violence protocol (P=.001). Nurses with low self-perception of their knowledge implement the protocol less often (OR=0.26; 95% CI: 0.1-0.7), and they consider that the lack of training is the main problem in determining the diagnosis (OR=11.24; 95% CI: 1.5-81.1). CONCLUSIONS: The level of knowledge was adequate. Nurses have a lack of confidence in terms of their knowledge about gender violence. The detection and diagnosis attitudes are more related to self-perception of levels of knowledge than their real knowledge. Marital status influences the level of knowledge. Professionals state that the lack of training is the main problem to give an efficient healthcare response.